Résumé

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the first genetic disease in sub-Saharan Africa resulting in the replacement of normal hemoglobin A by abnormal hemoglobin S, responsible for a significant increase in the rate of postoperative complications, and it has been proven to be associated with prolonged hospital stays. The aim of our study is therefore to determine the incidence of postoperative complications; morbidity and mortality and to identify the factors of poor prognosis in sickle cell patients operated on and admitted to intensive care at the Angré University Hospital. Methodology: This is an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study carried out in the anesthesia and intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Angré over a period of 3 years, from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024. Our study targeted all sickle cell patients admitted to intensive care in the post-operative period. All sickle cell patients of all ages and sexes were included in the study. The survey data were coded and then processed using IBM SPSS © Statistics 26.0.0.0 and Microsoft Word 2019 software. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to compare proportions, and Student 's t-test was used to compare means. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of our patients was 27.88 years. Comorbidities were found in 35 patients. The various specialties involved were primarily gynecological and obstetric pathologies, largely cesarean sections; orthopedic trauma; and digestive surgery. Complications were dominated by vaso -occlusive crises, followed by acute chest syndrome (ACS), and acute hemolysis. The mortality rate was 38.5%. Conclusion : at the end of our study, we were able to highlight that the post-operative period for sickle cell patients was marked by various complications making management difficult, given the low socioeconomic level of the parents and the low level of the technical platform.

Mot-clés :

Sickle Cell Disease, Postoperative Morbidity And Mortality, Intensive Care